This overall objective can be concretised with the following tasks:

· To evaluate the economic and environmental performance of supply technologies and to apply pilot installations.

· To assess resources, current as well as future market development for supply technologies and energy sources.

· To compile this information into a “Technology Handbook”

· To contribute to the integrated assessment in module 1.

· To develop recommendations for sustainable supply technologies in South Africa.

The module is structured in 6 work packages as shown in the figure.

The aim of each work package is briefly explained below:

· WP1: Identifying the potentials of different energy sources and supply technologies.

· WP2: Evaluating the technical, economic and environmental aspects of available energy sources and supply technologies.

· WP3: Describing the technologic-economic perspectives of supply technologies for today and the future including cost-potential curves and cost-benefit assessment.

· WP4: Presenting, monitoring, evaluating and verifying the implementation of sustainable technologies on base of examples (see Module 7).

· WP5: Determination of opportunities and barriers in the South African energy market and among the stakeholders.

· WP6: Giving a summarised evaluation of supply technologies and recommendations for sustainable technologies.

Energy supply technologies that are investigated in Module 5 are grouped below:

1) Renewable Energies

• Solar technologies – SWH, PV, solar cooling, solar cooking, etc.

• Biomass: (fuel) wood, charcoal, algae (oil), maize and others

• Biofuels: bio-oil, biodiesel, bio-ethanol, bio-methane

• Residues and waste: biogas

• Geothermal Energy: heat pumps

2) Conventional and fossil based energies

• Electricity from conventional sources

• Cooking fuels: coal, paraffin, gas

• Synthetic fuels from coal, natural gas

3) New energy technologies

• Fuel cells

• Energy storage

• Others …

For each group the following technology aspects will be considered particularly:

· power plants – generators - CHCP systems

· grid based - off-grid technologies

· individual - community based

· Supply and distribution systems, incl. storage